If you are planning to develop software or starting your career as a Software Developer, Web Developer, or any other, the most important thing is to decide the right technology stack. And a technology stack is a collection of programming language, frameworks, libraries, databases, and various development tools and methodologies.
Some of the popular technology stacks are MERN, MEAN, MEVN, LAMP, and many more.
Deciding the right tech stack is very crucial, so to help you out, our blog will provide you with insights into trends in each part of the stack that you couldn’t resist in upcoming years.
Let’s take a look at the trending Programming Languages.
1. JavaScript
JavaScript is a flexible, lightweight, and interpreted programming language. It is an open and cross-platform and used for both frontend and backend.
Unsurprisingly, the Stack Overflow survey depicts that JavaScript has maintained its stronghold as the most popular language among developers for eight years in a row.
Many renowned companies in the tech world that are using JavaScript are Facebook, Google, Microsoft, Uber, etc.
| Pros | Cons |
| Wide acceptance | No static typing |
| Reduces Server load | Each browser interprets JS code differently |
| Interoperability | Insufficient client-side security |
Why we love it:
- Mobile App Development
- Web games
- The client-side and server-side scripting
- Desktop apps development
2. Python
With Python, you can do whatever you want to. Python is a general-purpose, versatile, and powerful programming language.
According to the Stack Overflow survey, it is the most popular language, programmers have not mastered yet but will learn in the future.
| Pros | Cons |
| Powerful and flexible | Moderate execution speed |
| Worldwide popularity | Extensive memory consumption |
| Endless libraries and packages | Not suitable for mobile development |
| Open-source nature | Has limited Database Access |
Why we love it:
Python is recommended from web dev to ML to data analysis. Current trends in programming languages show that Python’s relevance for machine learning, data science, and the IoT.
3. Java
Java is not only the most popular programming language but also a platform.
It is a high-level, object-oriented programming language with widespread applications, including software development, mobile, web or embedded application, and extensive system development. It is also suitable for cross-platform development. Java opens ample opportunities for you as a developer.
It is a language that is always in in-demand in the tech world. There are more than eight million Java developers around the globe. According to the TIOBE report, Java is enjoying the top-second position among all the programming languages.
Most top-notch companies, including Adobe, Uber, Netflix, and many others, are using JAVA language in their tech stacks. And also, offering ravishing career opportunities for Java developers.
The critical characteristics of Java are as follows:
- Simple
- Robust
- Secured;
- Platform-independent
- Object-Oriented
- Dynamic
| Pros | Cons |
| Platform-independence | Slower performance |
| Multithreading | no backup facility |
| good for distributed computing | Code complexity |
Why we love it:
It is known as one of the top web programming languages.
Other popular uses of this technology are:
- Web and Mobile Applications
- Big data technologies
- Software development tools
- Popular frameworks such as Spring & Hibernate
- Several enriching features like multithreading, automatic memory allocation & garbage collection
4. Go
Go, or Golang is a programming language designed at Google by Robert Griesemer, Rob Pike, and Ken Thompson. It is statically typed, open-source, and a compiled programming language. If you are familiar with C, it will be easy to learn GO as it is syntactically similar to C. But It has more memory safety, garbage collection, structural typing, and CSP-style concurrency.
In the last few years, It has witnessed a considerable increase in its popularity & demand among the developers According to the Developer Skill Report by HackerRank, Go is the #1 language developers want to learn next.
In the coming years, the popularity of the GO programming language will be astonishing. The Big tech giants such as Google, Uber, BBC, Docker, and Intel are using GO as their tech stack.
| Pros | Cons |
| Fast Services | Small Packagings |
| Static code analysis | Insufficient error handling |
| Strong security built-in | Lack of a virtual machine |
| Smart documentation | No GUI library |
Why we love it:
If anyone wants to be a system programmer, Go is an ideal programming language for them, as it is a low-level language with high performance and efficiency. Its syntax is much more similar to C, with a steep learning curve.
- Used for System and network programming
- Distributed System and Cloud Computing
- Enrich features such as dynamic typing, type safety, garbage collection, high performance, and efficiency.
- It is suited for building web servers, data pipelines, and even machine learning packages.
5. TypeScript
TypeScript is an open-source programming language that builds on JavaScript. It is developed and maintained by Microsoft and one of the most loved programming languages. It is a strict syntactical superset of JavaScript and adds optional static typing to the language. So, Typescript is designed for the development of an extensive program that trans compile to JavaScript.
TypeScript ranked 2nd among the most loved programming language as per the Stack Overflow 2020 survey.
| Pros | Cons |
| Discoverable APIs and more self-explanatory code contracts | The overly complicated typing system |
| Typos caught at compilation time | Required compilation |
| JavaScript code interoperability | False sense of security |
| Class-based OO, with inheritance, private members, and interfaces | Not all third-party libraries have ambient definitions available. |
| Module support | Since any JavaScript code is a valid TypeScript code, TypeScript can not fix some of the fundamental JavaScript issues |
Many tech giants are shifting their tech stack to TypeScript, including Slack, Stack, Vox Media, Medium, Alibaba Travels, Accenture and many more.
Why we love it:
With TypeScript, developers can use existing JavaScript code, incorporate popular JavaScript libraries, and call other JavaScript code.
- Typescript is known as an Object-oriented programming language.
- It has a feature known as Static typing.
- Gives support for modules that helps in developing structured projects.
- TypeScript has Interface because it has better code organizing.
6. Kotlin
Kotlin is one of the fastest-growing programming language because It is a statically typed, cross-platform, free and open-source general-purpose language. It has both object-oriented and functional programming features. It has more concise syntax because of type inference, but its standard library depends on the Java Class Library.
Whenever there is any discussion about mobile app development, undoubtedly, the first programming language is Kotlin. Google also declared it as the preferred language for android application development.
Kotlin ranked 4th among the most loved programming language as per the Stack Overflow 2020 survey.
| Pros | Cons |
| Good Java interoperability | Comparatively slow compilation |
| Clear and compact codebase | Limited Learning Resources |
| Ease of maintenance | Kotlin is Still Not Java |
Some of the popular Kotlin frameworks are Javalin, KTor, and Vertx, and companies like Pinterest, Uber, Netflix, etc., are giving various job opportunities for the Kotlin developers.
Why we love it:
The best thing about Kotlin is its complete interoperability with Java and supports all Java libraries. Also, it is relatively easier to learn.
- Android and iOS application development
- Building IoT applications
- Web and desktop application development
- Data science and analytics
- Game development.
7. C/C++
C/C++ are the old languages but still the gold ones. C programming language is a procedural, general-purpose, and imperative programming language developed in 1972, while C++ is the high programming language developed in 1980 with object-oriented methodology and other capabilities.
According to the TIOBE index of 2020, C/C++ ranked under the top 5 programming languages.
| Pros | Cons |
| Faster execution | No garbage collection |
| Low-level Manipulation | No run-time checking |
| A greater degree of portability | Buffer overflow and memory corruption issue |
Many tech companies and organizations are still using C/C++ as their tech stack, including Facebook, Evernote, LinkedIn. Maybe learning C/C++ is not beneficial from the career perspectives, but somehow it makes it easier for you to learn other programming languages afterward. And don’t worry, C/C++ will always remain one of the popular programming languages in the future.
Why we love it:
Almost all low-level systems such as OS, file systems, etc. are written in C/C++.
- Competitive programmers widely use them because of their high-speed and stable nature.
- C++ also provides STL – It is a pool of ready-to-use libraries for various data structures, arithmetic operations, and algorithms.
- Game Development, GUI, and Desktop applications.
So, I hope the above analysis will help you select the programming language that suits your interest and career. If you have any questions, you can write us in the comment section below. We will be happy to hear from you.
Now, It’s time to move ahead to other prerequisites in our next blog.
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